In light of your case study, is it possible to assert where primary responsibility for corruption and financial/corporate illegality in the developing world lies?

Corruption Case Study, due Sunday 8th March (11.55 pm)As you will be discovering in Week 4, corruption and financial/corporate illegality in the developing world has often and popularly been treated as endemic to developing countries. Richer, wealthier countries are tasked with providing ‘technical assistance’ and other forms of aid to help developing country governments be more transparent, and more effective at investigating and prosecuting crime.For this 2,000 word assignment you will explore the extent to which such an approach can be considered both just and effective. You will pick a case study of corruption or financial/corporate illegality in the developing world from the two options below, and analyse this case study in the context of historical and contemporary international political economy.Through an exploration of your chosen case study, you should consider the following questions:1. Are there broad characteristics that define corruption and financial/corporate illegality in the developing world? If so, what are these?2. In addition to domestic factors, are there any international drivers of corruption and financial/corporate illegality relevant to your case study? These might include historical factors, or external organisations like the World Bank, or international NGOs.3. In light of your case study, is it possible to assert where primary responsibility for corruption and financial/corporate illegality in the developing world lies?4. Are the remedies for corrupt and illegal practices suggested by international organisations like the World Bank, that often centre around reforms to development country governance, likely to be effective?After introducing your assignment (approx. 200 words), begin with a detailed discussion of the literature on corruption and financial/corporate illegality in developing countries. Use this section to work out what it is you think are the main characteristics and causes of corruption and financial/corporate illegality in the developing world (Question 1). For this section you are also encouraged to use literature that we will have considered on previous weeks of the module. This first section should be approximately 800 words. In the subsequent section introduce your case study, and explain why it is a good illustration of the conclusions you have reached in the previous section. Provide all of the relevant historical and contextual details; you will have to do some digging around on search engines to find all of the relevant information needed to build your argument. This information will come from primary evidence, such as NGO and IO reports, investigative journalism, government reports, auditors’ reports, etc., some of which are provided for you below and in the reading lists for Week Five. This second section (approx. 800-1000 words) will help you address questions 2 and 3 above, and your conclusion (approx. 200 words) should address question 4, as well as briefly restating your arguments from earlier. It is not necessary to include the questions themselves in the assignment; this is just a waste of words. Sub-headings, however, are a good idea and will help you plot out your argument. Bibliographies will not be included in the word count, but footnotes will be, so avoid these if at all possible. You can choose your own title, although you would be wise to include the words ‘corruption’/‘illegality’ and ‘case study’!Option Two: The 2G Spectrum Scandal, India Background Timelines, key individuals and companies: ‘2G spectrum case: A timeline of events leading to the verdict’, New Indian Express, 21st December 2017, https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/dec/21/2g-spectrum-case-a-timeline-of-events-leading-to-the-verdict-1733235.html ‘Megahurts: India’s telecoms scandal’, The Economist, February 11th, 2012: https://www-economist-com.ezproxy.library.qmul.ac.uk/business/2012/02/11/megahurts (you must be signed in to the library website to access this article)‘If there was no 2G scam, why did the Supreme Court cancel 122 spectrum licences in 2012?’ Scroll.In https://scroll.in/article/862349/if-there-was-no-2g-scam-why-did-the-supreme-court-cancel-122-licenses-in-2012‘The Underbelly of the Indian Boom’, Special Issue of Economy and Society, Volume 42, Issue 3, 2013 – This whole special issue is available online through the Library. Read the introduction by Cordbridge and Shah, and then as many of the subsequent five articles as you can.Also see the Arundhati Roy book in the further reading for Week Five, and the article by Noah ArceneauxRob Newman, ‘Democracy, Development and India’s Struggle Against Corruption’ Public Policy Research, 13: 3, 2006, pp.147-155Gabay, C. (2014) ‘Two ‘transitions’: the political economy of Joyce Banda’s rise to power and the related role of civil society organisations in Malawi’ Review of African Political Economy Volume 41, Issue 141, pp. 374-388Noah Arceneaux, ‘“Monsoon Hungama” and the 2G Scam: Public interest and mobile spectrum policy in India, 1999–2012’, Global Media and Communication, Volume: 13 issue: 1, page(s): 3-19, 2017Unslaner, E. (2009) ‘Corruption, Inequality, and Trust’ in The Handbook on Social Capital, edited by Gert Tinggaard Svendsen and Gunnar Lind Haase Svendsen, London: Edward Elgar, available at http://gvptsites.umd.edu/uslaner/uslanersocialcapitalhandbookelgar.pdf ;