Who helps you get the day-to-day things you need in your life?

“Middle Range Theory [Utilization and Application Paper”.• Select a Middle Range Theory- social support• Analyze and evaluate the Middle Range Theory.• Identify application of nursing theories into clinical practice-APA format-references within 5 yearsSocial Support Nursing Assessment and Interventions page 276 to 277Social Support Nursing Assessment and InterventionsFor nurses, social support can connect family assessment, patient needs, and health outcomes (Hupcey, 1998b). Beeber and Canuso (2005) suggested five critical assessment questions for nurses to help determine effective emotional, informational, and instrumental social support interventions:Who helps you get the day-to-day things you need in your life? If you had an emergency, who would you call on for help?Who would lend you money to or keep or ask to keep your child(ren) if you needed it?Who gives you advice that is useful?Who understands your private worries and feelings? (p. 773).Logsdon and Koniak-Griffin (2005) developed a clinical pathway for social support of postpartum adolescents, which outlines assessment of social support; assessment of related variables such as depression, risk for harm, and high-risk behaviors; and health care provider interventions. They gave examples of specific assessment questions, suggested relevant instruments for the measurement of social support, and identified professional interventions that strengthen existing social support networks. Identified pathway interventions include counseling and teaching about the reality and demands of the postpartum period, common feelings experienced in the postpartum period, options for social support in their network, and the importance of communication as well as providing social skills training and referral for community services. Such interventions can raise the level of perceived appraisal, emotional, informational, and instrumental support.Vandall-Walker, Jensen, and Oberle (2007) used a grounded theory approach to explore the process of nursing support in a sample of 20 family members from 14 families of critically ill adults hospitalized in intensive care. Family members viewed nursing support as “lightening their load.” Initially, nurses engaged family members through the following support activities: acknowledging, welcoming, orienting, relating, trusting, and empathizing. The middle phase focused on sustaining family members through nursing actions of being there, communicating, being accountable, sharing responsibility, negotiating, valuing, promoting family member self-care, and connecting family members to other professionals and services. The final stage of disengaging included providing guidance for decisions, helping to find meaning, and preparing family members to say goodbye, which may involve the client’s death or the client leaving the unit. The family members identified nursing support activities that helped them to “get through” the situation, which is different than conceptualizations of support as caring (Vandall-Walker et al., 2007). Many of these nursing actions will likely result in the provision of emotional, informational, instrumental, and appraisal support to families of critically ill adults.In another intervention example, telephone peer support was provided during the postpartum period to prevent postpartum depression (Dennis, 2010). A peer volunteer initiated telephone conversations for the intervention group. Participants completed the Peer Support Evaluation Inventory (PESI). Mothers reported receiving emotional, informational, and appraisal support through conversations with the peer volunteers. There was a positive relationship between maternal satisfaction and the number and duration of peer contacts. Researchers recommended strengthening appraisal support and matching volunteers to participant characteristics.