Damage to the cell severe enough to cause damage to the DNA may cause the cell to overproduce and not properly shut off.

Anna marlowe
DQ 1. After reading your assigned chapters for this week, discuss the steps in the policy process outlined in your textbook and apply it to a specific policy within your healthcare facility. (Students with last name beginning with A – M)

When discussing the steps in the policy process our book stated that there are three phases in the policy process (Mason et al., 2015). The first step is the policy formulation phase. In this phase we look at a potential hurtle and develop a solution that leads to the policy formulation. The second phase is the implementation phase. In the implementation phase we apply the policy to the said hurtle to see if it brings a desired outcome. In the third phase it is the policy modification phase. In this third phase we look at the result that came from the new implemented policy and assess if we got the desired outcome. If we do not get the desired outcome we modify the policy to try and achieve this and start over in the cycle tell achieved to satisfaction.
In my previous work in the ICU our facility created a policy that a patient newly admitted must be seen by the admitting provider within 24 hours of admission. This policy was implemented due to some providers not seeing their new admission for an excessive period of time. This newly developed policy helped improve patient care and outcomes. By providers seeing their patients within this time frame it helps the nurses provide better care because then providers have a better understanding of what’s going on and not what is just explained over the phone. However I do believe that if this policy was modified to shorten the time frame even more to possibly 12 hours for the providers to see their patients would result in better outcomes.

References:
Mason, D. J., Gardner, D. B., Outlaw, F. H., & Grady, E. T. (2015). Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care (Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health) (7th ed.). Saunders.

Dalton Hunter
YesterdayOct 8 at 8:21pm
Manage Discussion Entry
DQ 1. After reading the assigned chapters in your text book, differentiate among the various types of cell injuries: hypoxia, necrosis, and apoptosis. Please also include how these injuries occur with examples. (Students with last name beginning with A – H)
Cellular injuries can happen in many different way and may or may not result in cell death. Some injuries can be repaired while others are a cause for death of the cell. Hypoxia is a term for the lack of sufficient oxygen being delivered to the cell and is the most common cause of injury to the cell (Huether & McCance, 2017). Hypoxia can be cause by not only a decreased of oxygen available directly but can also be caused by a decrease in hemoglobin, decreased production of red blood cells, and as well as decreased efficiency of the hemoglobin (Huether & McCance, 2017). Cell death related to hypoxia can also be related to a loss of blood flow to the tissue such as is the case in a myocardial infarction. As the arteries become occluded, oxygen delivery is decreased to the cardiac muscle resulting in cell death. Necrosis comes after the death of the cell its self, resulting in the destruction of the cell and is also known as cellular digestion (Huether & McCance, 2017). Cellular necrosis results from death related to any non specific injury causing death such as stress or heat (Huether & McCance, 2017).
Apoptosis is majorly different in necrosis in the sense that the cell is actively performing self destruction (Huether & McCance, 2017). Apoptosis can occur for many reasons including severe cell injury, accumulation of misfolded proteins and infection to name a few (Huether & McCance, 2017). This form of cellular death is the body’s way of preventing damaged cells from getting out of control. Damage to the cell severe enough to cause damage to the DNA may cause the cell to overproduce and not properly shut off. Through this cancer and non cancerous tumors can develop over time as the cell continuously replicates without the check marks properly working. Without apoptosis, our bodies could be ravaged with multiple cancers early in life related to everyday radiation we get when we walk outside on a sunny day. On average, the human body can create 10 billion new cells every day while destroying the same amount every day (Huether & McCance, 2017).
Huether, S. E. & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding Pathophysiology (6th ed.). Elsevier.