How do we establish a contributory cause of disease?

Part 1: Review pages 27-35 of your text. As Box 2.5 suggests, often times when reading the newspaper or another form of media, a cause and effect relationship is implied when evidence of a true cause and effect relationship has not been established. How do we establish a contributory cause of disease? Going beyond a group association, what other requirements establish cause? Part 2: As your text states, “It is important to be aware of conscious or unconscious efforts to imply cause and effect relationships when the data suggests only group associations and does not meet the more stringent criteria establishing cause and effect.” Can you think of an example when a media source or a friend implied that something “caused” disease without showing you the evidence? (i.e. greasy food “causes” acne).