What popular Christian texts were often created as manusсrіpts?
Please underline your thesis statement and key artwork examples in each essay. Be sure to include the minimum number of artworks per essay and include as much historical and artistic detail as possible for maximum points! Explain the importance of manusсrіpt production after the fall of the Roman Empire. Why were these manusсrіpts important? How were they made? How were they decorated? Who owned them? What types of imagery did they include? What popular Christian texts were often created as manusсrіpts? Why were codices more popular than scrolls? Compose a unified essay and analyze at least five manusсrіpts from a variety of the following periods: Late Antique, Byzantine, Islamic, Early Medieval, Carolingian, Ottonian, Romanesque, and Gothic periods. For your Final Exam, utilize the key works and terms below to illustrate your argument (thesis) for each of the essays. Each essay response should include an introductory paragraph with thesis statement (argument), body paragraphs arguing the central points of your thesis statement, and a concluding paragraph (approximately 4-6 paragraphs / , double-spaced, 12 pt font). Late Antiquity Interior of Synagogue; Dura Europas, Syria The Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants, Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus; Rome, Italy. Hercules leads Alcestis back to Admetus and other scenes, Via Latina Catacomb; Rome, Italy. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus; Rome, Italy Restored view of Old St. Peter’s; Rome, Italy Santa Costanza; Rome, Italy Christ before Pilate, Rossano Gospels. Suicide of Judas and Crucifixion of Christ Altar Ambulatory Apse Atrium Central Plan Folio Hybridity Longitudinal Plan Nave Orants Sarcophagus Side Aisle Syncretism Transept “Dark Ages”/Middle Ages/medieval period Mausoleum Inhumation vs. Cremation Byzantine Anthemius of Tralles and Isodorus of Miletus. Hagia Sophia. Constantinople, Turkey. 532-537. Justinian, Bishop Maximianus, and attendants, San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy. c. 547. Theodora and her court, San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy. c. 547. Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George, Monastery of Saint Catherine. Mount Sinai, Egypt. Sixth or early seventh century. Christ Icon, Monastery of Saint Catherine; Mount Sinai, Egypt. Golden Age of Justinian Icon Iconoclasm Mandorla Pendentive Procopius Monasticism Theotokos Islamic The Dome of the Rock; Jerusalem Koran page with beginning of surah 18. Great Mosque of Córdoba; Spain. Ivory casket of al-Mughira; Córdoba, Spain. Granada, Spain. Maqsura Minaret Minbar Mihrab Qibla wall Squinch Early Medieval Europe Soissons Cernunnos. France. 1st century BCE-1st century CE. Purse cover, from the Sutton Hoo ship burial. England. c. 625. Chi-rho-iota (XPI) page, Book of Kells. Scotland. Late eighth or early ninth century. High Cross of Muiredach (east face). Monasterboice, Ireland. 923. The tower and sсrіptorium of San Salvador de Tábara, Commentary on the Apocalypse. Tábara, Spain. 970. Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne or Charles the Bald. France. Ninth century. Lindau Gospels. Saint Gall, Switzerland. c. 870. Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne. Aachen, Germany. 792-805. Presentation of the Bible to Charles the Bald, from Vivian Bible. France. Doors of Bishop Bernward; Hidesheim, Germany. Otto III enthroned, Gospel Book of Otto III. Germany. 997-1000. Interlaced Animal Style Cloisonné technique Chi-rho-iota Scriptorium Celtic Polytheism Romanesque Europe Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela; Spain Nave capitals. Sainte Madeleine, Vezelay. 1120-32. Samson and the Lion Abduction of Ganymede Mystic Mill Gislebertus. Sculpture at Saint–Lazare Autun, France. c. 1120-1135. Last Judgment, west tympanum Eve, right half of lintel, north portal Hildegard receives her visions, detail, in the Rupertsberger Scivias. Germany. c. 1150-1179. Reliquary of Saint Foy. Conques, France. 11th-12th Cathedral Complex (baptistery, cathedral, and tower). Pisa, Italy. begun 1063. Funeral Procession to Westminster Abbey and Battle of Hastings, details of the Bayeux Tapestry. France. c. 1070-1080. Durham Cathedral. England. begun c. 1093. Bays Pilgrimage Plan Reliquary Tympanum Crusades Furta sacra Crossing square Radiating chapels Gothic Europe Saint-Denis, France. 1140-1144. Ambulatory and radiating chapels “Anagogical” window Cathedral of Notre Dame; Chartres, France West Façade, West Portal (Royal Portal) Nave and Choir Exterior view with flying buttresses Scenes from the Life of Christ. Stained glass window. Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière (Our Lady of the Beautiful Window) Annunciation and Visitation, west facade. Reims Cathedral. Reims, France. c. 1230-1255. Demon gargoyle. Notre Dame, Paris, France. 12th Upper chapel, Sainte-Chapelle. Paris, France. 1243-1248. Blanche of Castile, Louis IX, and two monks, in a moralized Bible. France. 1226-1234. JEAN PUCELLE. The Betrayal of Christ and Annunciation from the Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux. France Crucifix (Pestkreuz). Germany. 1304. Virgin with the Dead Christ (Röttgen Pietà). Germany. c. 1300-1325. Flying Buttress Pinnacle Rayonnant Triforium Louis IX, King of France (St. Louis) Andachtsbilder
