Discuss Law as a Means for Social Order.
There is a very well entrenched idea in the popular culture about a singular consequence of law enforcement encapsulated in the phrase “law and order.” The saying equates “social control via law enforcement” with “reestablishment of social order.” Indeed, Durkheim’s theory posits law as a means to reduce anomie or failing social integration due to high levels of deviance. Such presumed effect of law is based on the critical notion that in a democratic society, law enforcement entails first of all due process to enforce substantive civil and criminal laws. Indeed, the enforcement of substantive law requires that state agents obey procedural law as they go about enforcing substantive law on alleged violators. This is The Rule of Law. Elaborate on the extent to which LAW & ORDER and/or LAW OR ORDER or ELSE are empirically supported by research on the enforcement of criminal and procedural law for capital punishment cases. See selected sources below or search on your own sources (scientifically-based data analyses) that show the deterrent effect of executions and lack thereof or la(as long as they are balancedly presented in your essay and/or derived from ). Watch one of The Innocence Project videos to learn about police and prosecutorial “misconduct”Gazal-Ayal, O., & Tor, A. (2012). THE INNOCENCE EFFECT. Duke Law Journal, 62(2), 339-401. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/23364853 (Links to an external site.)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7xd2TPSe7Y&t=83sSelected Academic Sources on the Death PenaltyLiptak, A. (2007, November 18). Does Death Penalty Save Lives? A New Debate. Retrieved fromhttps://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/18/us/18deter.html (Links to an external site.)https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/04/30/theres-still-no-evidence-that-executions-deter-criminals/ (Links to an external site.)Manski, C., & Pepper, J. (2013). Deterrence and the Death Penalty: Partial Identification Analysis Using Repeated Cross Sections. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 29(1), 123-141. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/23367553 (Links to an external site.)Iyengar, R. (2011). Who’s the Fairest in the Land? Analysis of Judge and Jury Death Penalty Decisions. The Journal of Law & Economics, 54(3), 693-722. doi:10.1086/661565PETERSEN, N., & LYNCH, M. (2012). PROSECUTORIAL DISCRETION, HIDDEN COSTS, AND THE DEATH PENALTY: THE CASE OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 102(4), 1233-1274. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/23415247 (Links to an external site.)Nagin, D. (2013). Deterrence in the Twenty-First Century. Crime and Justice, 42(1), 199-263. doi:10.1086/670398THAXTON, S. (2013). LEVERAGING DEATH. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 103(2), 475-552. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/43895626 (Links to an external site.)Steiker, C., & Steiker, J. (2015). The American Death Penalty and the (In)Visibility of Race. The University of Chicago Law Review, 82(1), 243-294. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/43234696 (Links to an external site.)Sun, A. (2013). “KILLING TIME” IN THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW OF DEATH: WHY SYSTEMATIC PREEXECUTION DELAYS ON DEATH ROW ARE CRUEL AND UNUSUAL. Columbia Law Review, 113(6), 1585-1636. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/23561270 (Links to an external site.)BIENEN, L. (2010). CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN ILLINOIS IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE RYAN COMMUTATIONS: REFORMS, ECONOMIC REALITIES, AND A NEW SALIENCY FOR ISSUES OF COST. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 100(4), 1301-1402. Retrieved February 17, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/25766126
