https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/justice-distributive/ https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/decision-charts/index.html# Debating Medical Utility, Not Futility (2018) Miracles, Scarce Resources, and Fairness (2018) A practical approach to disclosing conscientious objection (2019) “Why Are We Doing This?” Creating New Narratives to Meet Futility With Integrity (2019) Question to answer. A 28-year-old male is admitted with bacterial endocarditis and needs a replacement of his prosthetic heart valve. After his first replacement, he continued to abuse intravenous drugs. The medical team feels it would be “futile” and a waste of medical resources to replace this heart valve yet again. Is the team’s judgment appropriate in this case? What if the team had an available research study about valve replacement, would it be ethical to include this patient as a subject?