What is the OECD?

reply to 6 students using 45 words or more and ADD a direct question to each reply.Ensure each name is with its corresponding reply1st Student Teshon EarlThe maritime and transportation security act was enacted to cushion the country against threats aimed at the harbor facilities and the vessels on a voyage. The act developed clear ways to assess the vulnerability of the vessels and the facility so that the country security agency would effectively offer protection (Chin & Yusoff, 2019). The act designed n elaborate security plan for the vessels and the cargo so that their transportation was smooth and devoid of terror and hijacking. The act equally offers for resource allocation for the training of the security apparatus on how to deal with the emerging challenges. Foreign port policies were developed to ensure the cross country and international liaison at all times.The world trade organization relies on maritime trade to grow and develop. The governments who form part of the organization works across the board to ensure that structures are put in place to cushion the sector from major acts of terror that would render the affected countries devastated. There is a need for a free flow of business globally and the development of frameworks to manage the trade so that nobody abuses the spirit of good faith. The international maritime system is faced with serious attacks of both terrorists and hijackers who will kill the business prospect of merchants (Chin & Yusoff, 2019). There is a need to explore the cost related to the possible attacks and pilferages that might happen when the cargo is on a voyage. Losses on the maritime space cost countries and private businesses too much because of the quantities of cargo that are transported at a time.ReferencesChin, S. T. S., & Yusoff, R. M. (2019). The Issues of Maritime Security On International Trade Activities Among Sea Countries. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 1(2), 57-63.2nd Student Christopher NealThe Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development “ EOCD” is a group of 36 international member states and their governments. This group seeks to work both with each other and with 70 other non-member parties in order to promote economic prosperity and sustainable development (What is the OECD?, 2017, p. 01). The EOCD has been in existence for over fifty years and has been a venerable source for conducting analysis on economic policies and statistical comparisons of economic values produced by those policies (What is the OECD?, 2017, p. 01). The EOCD, through the conduit of a secretariat who oversees more than 250 committees provides an environment for thinking and discussion of economic programs, and in turn this reflection helps governments shape future policies and to form agreements between other governments for mutual gains in economic prosperity(What is the OECD?, 2017, p. 01)The Maritime Security Program was enacted in October of 1996 by President Bill Clinton. The primary objective of the bill was to establish and maintain a fleet of commercial cargo vessels that would be able to be used to transport critical supplies in times of national emergencies or war (Herberger, 1997 p. 08) . This piece of legislation replaced an older law, Operating Differential Subsidy Program, which was set to expire in December of 1997 (Herberger, 1997 p. 08). The benefits of this program are many, however one of the main benefits was for the department of defense. This piece of legislation essentially made it possible for the United States Department of Defense to maintain access to a global fleet of vessels along with logistic management, infrastructure, ports, and port equipment (Herberger, 1997 p. 09). Herberger, Albert. “The Maritime Security Act: Fulfilling a Strategic Maritime Imperative.” Defense Transportation Journal 53.2 (1997): 8–11. Web.3rd Student William PaaseweThis forum mandates, discussing the Maritime Security Act, the OECD-Security in Maritime Transport, and addressing ways on how to balance Maritime Risk Factors with economic impact. Maritime policy has evolved as an accumulation of statutes and administrative programs intended to respond to global and domestic issues and trends within the maritime industry. The Maritime Security Act of 1996 amended the Merchant Maritime Act of 1936 in an attempt to revitalize the U.S. Flag merchant marine. According to Dibble (2002), the cornerstone of the MSA is the Maritime Security Program which replaced the legacy operating differential subsidy by compensating U.S. carriers for the higher cost of operating ships under a U.S. flag compared to those of foreign flag competitors.In regards to Security in Maritime Transport, it’s worthy to note that world trade is dependent on Maritime Transport, and great strides have been made in recent years to render this system as open and frictionless as possible, in order to spur even greater economic growth. However, a Maritime Transport Committee (2003) Report maintains that the very things that have allowed Maritime Transport to contribute to economic prosperity, also render it uniquely vulnerable to exploitation by terrorist groups.In balancing Maritime Risk Factors with economic impact, the United States government have set in place series of actions aimed at reducing risk from the most obvious security gaps in the Maritime Transport Network. The MTC (2003) Report further purports that the bulk of these were negotiated at the International Maritime Organization and became effective in July of 2004. Additionally, the United States has also developed a set of Maritime Security measures that are comprised of both mandatory and voluntary elements.ReferencesDibble, M. P. (2002, March). The implementation of the maritime security act of 1996. Naval Postgraduate School-Monterey, CaliforniaMaritime Transport Committee. (2003, July). Security in maritime transport: Risk Factors and Economic Impact4th Student Carl TuckerThe group that I have read about being a anti-RFID group is the Consumers Against Supermarket Privacy Invasion and Numbering (Caspian) in the U.S. In 2004, this group held a demonstration against a Extra Future Store supermarket in Rheinberg, Germany. This is” the world’s fifth largest retailer”(Blau, 2004). The reason for the demonstration was because of their stores ID cards. Their store has ID cards for their loyal customers to identify their ages of their shoppers for when they want to purchase dvd’s. The main concern of the Caspian group is that their “privacy and civil liberties are being invaded”(Blau, 2004). This group has protested other high-profile stores like Wal-Mart Inc. and Benetton Group SPA. The group believes that this type of technology can cause an Orwellian world. The definition of Orwellian “of relating to, suggestive of George Orwell or his writings”(Webster, 2020). George Orwell was a political rebel. He wrote strongly against imperialism. He also wrote miniseries fictional books about fighting the oppressor in a dishonest social environment. One of the thoughts of the CASPIAN group is that “those without a card pay more at the register”(CASPIAN, 2014). They believe that the stores are trying to portray like they are rewarding their customers if they use their store cards but really is stealing the consumers information and using it as a marketing tool. When they gather your information on how often you are grocery shopping and what products you are buying, they study that information and base their new products on their findings. I don’t think this is right without consent. If you choose to get a store card and you read the fine print and agree, then you should have no problem with them gathering information from you. My question to you all is, do you think these stores identify everything they are using the information that they gather from us only on product and shopping patterns?ReferencesBlau, J. (2004, March 1). Metro Store bows to pressure from anti-RFID activists. Retrieved from https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563700/metro-store-bows-to-pressure-from-anti-rfid-activists.htmlConsumers Against Supermarket Privacy Invasion and Numbering – CASPIAN. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.thegeekprofessor.com/consumer-groups/caspian/Orwellian. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Orwellian5th Student Nicole ColonThis week I looked up information about the anti-RFID group Notags. This group was formed to protest against companies that trace their products through electronic tagging in humans. Advanced Digital Solutions (ADS) has developed a chip smaller than a grain of rice that some Barcelona nightclubs have used to implant in VIP upper arm. This helps with access as well as bar tabs without needing a card. While this technology has been used for years on animals Notags feel that its unsafe due to its contents. If someone has a reader, you have a lot of information that may be stolen. I see this information as being something that can help with dementia in a controlled area such as a hospital but not something that should be implemented without consent. When you go online you will find plenty of success stories on how this verichip has helped people.According to The European Molecular Biology Organization, “a 44-year-old sergeant with the Bergen County Police Department (NJ, USA), had crashed his car into a tree during a high-speed chase. When he was taken to hospital, an emergency-room scan revealed an RFID chip in his arm, which had been implanted in 2004 for identification purposes at the suggestion of his police chief.” Due to this information doctors could pull all necessary health background to better assess during clinical stay. These success stories are what lead me to continuously support the advancement for better RFID technology.RFID: I’ve got you under my skin. (2004, June 10). Retrieved May 25, 2020, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2004/jun/10/onlinesupplement1Wolinsky, H. (2006, October). Tagging products and people. Despite much controversy, radiofrequency identification chips have great potential in healthcare. Retrieved May 25, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618368/6th Student Rayvonne SangFor this week’s forum, I chose the anti-RFID group EPIC, which stands for Electronic Privacy Information Center. According to EPIC’s website, they were formed in 1994 and are based in Washington, D.C. where they advocate for free speech and privacy rights (EPIC, 2020). Many border states (e.g., Arizona, Washington, and Vermont) are now issuing what is known as an “enhanced” driver license or identification card which contains more data and different technology than previously (EPIC, 2020). For example, Vermont’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) issues an RFID-enabled driver license that contains citizenship designation (EPIC, 2020). The driver’s personal information is included on the machine-readable strip as well as the RFID chip. In 2006, the Department of Homeland Security Data Privacy and Integrity Advisory Committee adopted a report on The Use of RFID for Human Identity Verification in which the committee outlined security and privacy threats associated with RFID and recommended privacy and security protection of information collected on individuals throughout the lifetime of the system and beyond (DPIAC, 2006). In March of 2007, during congressional testimony, a Government Accountability Office (GAO) official cautioned against the use of RFID technology because they stated that by tracking and profiling an individual it could compromise their privacy (EPIC, 2020).What are their assumptions about RFID technology and its impact on society and business? EPIC’s main concern is that RFID readers are often connected to computer networks that facilitate the transfer of data from the physical object to databases and software applications, thus allowing the object to be continually located and tracked (EPIC, 2020). According to DHS, long-range RFID tags have been read from as far away as 30 feet, and some tests have shown that they can be read from 70 feet or more, posing a significant threat of unauthorized access (EPIC, 2020). EPIC assumes that others as well as the government will be able to track each citizen whenever they want and wherever they are. Very much like the Orwellian theory mentioned by Carl. Do you agree or disagree with the anti-RFID group? Why or why not? I do agree with EPIC that using an RFID chip to track and trace a person is an invasion of privacy. However, the government can reduce the risk of unauthorized use or access to RFID chip information by using encryption and authentication (DPIAC, 2006).RayvonneReferenceData Privacy & Integrity Advisory Committee (DPIAC). (2006). The use of RFID for Human Identity Verification. Report No. 2006-02. Retrieved from https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/privacy/privacy_advcom_12-2006_rpt_RFID.pdfElectronic Privacy Information Center. (2020). Spotlight on Surveillance: September 2007. Retrieved from https://epic.org/privacy/surveillance/spotlight/0907/