Why was the enactment of the Wagner Act (NLRA) necessary to ensure employee rights to organize and bargain collectively?

1.Why was the enactment of the Wagner Act (NLRA) necessary to ensure employee rights to organize and bargain collectively? What were its major provisions?The Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional in 1935 sparking the end of the old National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). Then “Congress passed the Wagner Act shortly thereafter; the NLRA, and the NLRB it created, survived a constitutional challenge in the 1937 decision of NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp” (Cihon & Castagnera, 2017, p. 392). This Act then became the foundation of what is known today as the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) which is the outline for labor relations in the US. The Wagner Act prevented employers from engaging in unfair labour practices against their employees. It also gave the employees a legal right to join a union and collectively bargain with their employers. After signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt the Act looked to fix the inequality of bargaining power between employers and trade unions. The major provisions of the Wagner Act were that it guaranteed that workers the right to ununionized and outline the legal framework for unions and management. The Act also provided an avenue for collective bargaining. 2.What necessitated the enactment of the Taft Hartley Amendment to the NLRA? What were its major provisions?The reason for the Taft-Hartley Act, which was passed in 1947, in an effort to limit the power of unions in America. “Between 1935 and 1947 union membership in the United States grew from three to fifteen million, and when Taft-Hartley was being considered as many as twenty million workers may have been covered by exclusive collective bargaining contracts” (Morris, 2012, p. 21). Many jobs such as coal mining, steel, car, construction, and many other industries were all completely unionized. Where the Wagner Act prevented employers from engaging in unfair labour practices against their employees. The main prevention of the Taft Hartley Act forbids some union practices and requires disclosure of certain financial and political activities by unions as well as prohibited actions, or unfair labor practices, on the part of unions.3.What prompted the enactment of the Landrum Griffin Act? What were its major provisions?The Landrum Griffin Act was prompted by the public scrutiny of internal union affairs that came after the of over eight million members in eight years. The Act protected the employees’ union membership rights against unfair practices by the unions themselves. The provisions of the law included a statement of worker rights for union members as well as all other workers in organizations whose members are represented by a union agreement. The right of all organization members include workers that are not part of the union to receive and evaluate collective bargaining agreements. Freedom of speech when it comes to union activities is a provision that was included as well.ReferencesCihon, P. J., & Castagnera, J. O. (2017). Employment and Labor Law. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.Morris, C. J. (2012). How The National Labor Relations Act Was Stolen and How It Can Be Recovered: Taft-Hartley Revisionism and the National Labor Relations Board’s Appointment Process. Berkeley Journal of Employment & Labor Law, 33(1), 1–71.