What are the attributes respectively of successful crisis leaders and crisis managers?

What are the attributes respectively of successful crisis leaders and crisis managers? What are the differences as well as similarities between crisis leaders and crisis managers? What is unique about crisis decision making? Include in your answer a discussion of idiosyncratic, psychological, organizational and bureaucratic factors related to crisis leadership and crisis management as well as examples of success or failure in support of your answer.

Referencing cuban missile crisis and comparing President Kennedy  with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, in addition using Gaddafi and Saddam Hussein failures too